Graduate Pharmacy Aptitude Test (GPAT) Models: GATE PY

Showing posts with label GATE PY. Show all posts

Monday, November 28, 2011

GATE PY 1998 Pharmacy Question Paper

GATE PY – 1998 Question Paper

1. 1.1 The opium alkaloids in Papaver somuiferum is present as one of the following. Identify. (a) Free alkaloids (b) As salts of citric acid (c) As salt of meconic acid (d) None of these

1.2 In expressing vitamin A activity one of the following is true. Identify. (a) One Re represents the biological activity in 1 g of all trans retinol (b) One Re represents the biological activity of 30 mg of all trans retinol (c) One Re represents the biological activity of 0.334 g of all trans retinol (d) None of the above

1.3 Which of the antineoplastic agent is metabolised by xanthine oxidase? (a) 6-Mercaptopurine (b) Vincristine (c) Chlorambucil (d) 6-Thioguanine

1.4 If a drug has a very small volume of distribution , it is likely that this drug (a) has a short biological life (b) does not accumulate in various tissues and organs (c) not bioavailable (d) will not be effective

1.5 The energy of a photon is given by the relationship E = hv, where (a) E is energy of photon in kilo-calories (b) E is energy of photon in cycles/sec (c) E is the energy of photon in joules (d) E is the energy of photon in ergs

1.6 Gas chromatographic technique can be used for (a) qualitative analysis only (b) quantitative analysis only (c) both (d) none of these

1.7 Reference compound widely used in NMR spectroscopy for proton spectra in non-aqueous medium is: (a) Silane (b) Tetramethyl Silane (c) Dpph (d) Peroxylamide Di Sulphonate 1.8 Liposomes are (a) uni or multilayered vesicles of phospholipids (b) type of enzymes (c) fibrinopeptides (d) red blood cells

1.9 The gonadal harmones like Estrogens, Androgens and Progestins bind with (a) receptors located in the cytoplasm (b) receptors located in the nucleus of the cell (c) receptors located in the contractile vacuoles (d) none of the above

1.10 A highly sensitive semi quantitative method of detecting microbial antigens in biological fluid is: (a) counter immune electrophoresis (b) nitroblue tetrazolium dye assay (c) the Coomb‘s test (d) radio-immune electophoresis

1.11 Polyene antibiotics such as amphotericin œ B are most likely to (a) inhibit bacterial DNA synthesis (b) bind to prokaryotic ribosomes (c) act as antimetabolitis (d) react with sterols in the membrane

1.12 Among the following statements one of them is most appropriate for - Interferon. Identify. (a) They are virus specific substances and not host specific, naturally occurring glycol-proteins. (b) They are not virus specific substances, however, they are naturally occurring glycol-proteins. (c) They are not virus specific substances, however they are not host specific either. They are naturally occurring glycol-proteins. (d) They are virus specific and host specific naturally occurring glycoproteins.

1.13 The tear secretion contains an antibacterial enzyme known as (a) Zymase (b) Diastase (c) Lysozyme (d) Lipase

1.14 A list of ACE inhibition is given below. One of them is not a Prodrug. Identify. (a) Benzepril (b) Captopril (c) Quinapril (d) Ramipril

1.15 Which one of the following is not a pharmacological effect of MORPHINE? (a) Constriction of the pupil (b) C.N.S. depression (c) Diarrhoea (d) Respiratory

1.16 Half life equation for First order reaction is: t a t t t 3 1 (a) 2 2 = (b) 0.693 = (c) 1 = (d) = K 2 K 2 aK 2 2 aK 2

1.17 Which one of the following is true for alkaloidal bases? (a) Water solubility and organic solvent insolubility. (b) Water insolubility and organic solvent insolubility. (c) Water solubility and organic solvent solubility (d) Water insolubility and organic solvent solubility

1.18 The conductivity of the solution of an electrolysis is: (a) non temperature dependent (b) temperature dependent (c) pressure dependent (d) none of these

1.19. One of the materials listed below is most commonly used in film coating of tablets. Identify. (a) Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose (b) Acacia (c) Simple Syrup (d) Bees Wax

1.20. Lamination is: (a) separation of a tablet into two or more distinct layers. (b) partial and complete separation of the top and bottom crowns of a tablet from the main body of the tablet. (c) process of sub-coating of tablets (d) none of the above

1.21. Among the four OPIOIDS given below one of them is equipotent on µ d , , and k k receptor types. Identify.

(a) Fentanyl (b) Methadone (c) Morphine (d) Etorphine

1.22. An amperometric titrations which one of the following is kept constant? (a) Current (b) Resistance (c) Voltage Applied (d) Conductance

1.23. Disposable syringes are made up of (a) Polypropylene (b) Transparent Polystyrene (c) Glass (d) Poly Tetra Chloro Ethylene

1.24. Typhoid vaccine IP is a sterile suspension or a freeze dried solid prepared from (a) Salmonella Typhi Murium (b) Salmonella Para Typhi (c) Salmonella Typhi (d) Salmonella Enteritidus

1.25 In the microbiological assay of bacitracin œ IP the test organism used is (a) Staphylococcus Aureus (b) Sataphylococcus Epidermidis (c) Micrococcus Luteus (d) Bacillus Pumilus

1.26. In the general formula R-X-C-C-N. X= Nitrogen, or Carbon, r = Different groups. This formula represents (a) Antitussive (b) Antipyretics (c) Analgesics (d) Antihistamines

1.27. The biological source of cinnamon bark is: (a) dried inner bark of the shoot of coppiced trees of Cinnomomum zeylanicum Family – Lauraceae (b) dried inner bark of the shoot of coppiced trees of Cinnomomum indicum Family – Lauraceae (c) dried wood bark of Cinnomomum Camphora Family – Lauraceae (d) dried inner bark of the shoot of coppiced trees of Cinnomomum loureirii Family – Lauraceae

1.28. Identify the correct geneva name for CORTISONE. (a) 4 œ Pregnene 17 a , 21 œ diol œ 3, 11, 20 – trione (b) 3 œ Pregnene 17 a , 21 œ diol œ 3, 11, 20 – trione (c) 4 œ Pregnene 11 ß , 17 a , 21 œ triol œ 3, 20 – dione (d) 4 œ Pregnene 12 ß , 17 a , 21 œ triol œ 3, 20 œ dione

1.29. Identify one of the canbonic anhydrase inhibitor that inhibit only luminal carbonic anahydrase enzyme? (a) Methazolamide (b) Acetazolamide (c) Dichlorphenamide (d) Benzolamide

1.30. Testosterone is rapidly converted to one of the following metabolic products in many tissues, which is the active androgen? (a) 5- ß -Dihydro Testosterone (b) 5-OH-Testosterone (c) 5- a -Dihydro Testosterone (d) 5 a , 6 ß -OH-Testosterone

1.31. One of the following drugs is an alkylating agent. Identify. (a) Cylophosphamide (b) Methotrexate (c) Allopurinol (d) Rifampicin

1.32. Listed below are structures of sulphonamides. Which one of them is used as an anti-diabetic drug?

1.33. Four sets of intermediates are listed below. Choose the correct set for the synthesis of BUPIVACAINE IP. (a) a -Picolinic Acid Chloride with 2, 6-Diethyl Aniline. (b) ß -Picolinic Acid Chloride with 2, 6-Diethyl Aniline. (c) a -Picolinic Acid Chloride with Aniline Hydrochloride. (d) a -Picolinic Acid Chloride with 2, 6-Di Methyl Aniline.

1.34. Among the immunizing agents listed below one of them is orally administered. Identify. (a) Tetanus Toxoid (b) Rabies Vaccine (c) Poliomyestis Vaccine (d) Mumps Virus Vaccine

1.35. In vitro dissolution rate studies on drug product are useful in bioavailability evaluations if they are correlated with (a) disintegration rate (b) in-vivo studies in at least thee species of animals (c) the chemical stability of the drug (d) in-vivo studies in human

2. In the following sub-questions match each of the item s 1 and 2 on the left with an appropriate item on the right [a, b, c, d] and write in the specific space provided in the answer book.

2.1 The mechanism of action of antiviral drugs is given. Match with closely associated drugs given in (a) to (d). (1) Inhibit an early step in viral replication viral uni-coating (a) Amantadine (2) Irreversible inactivation of DNA Polymerase (b) Methisazone (c) Rifampin (d) Acyclovir 2.2. Given below are the etiologic agents. Match with common name of the infection listed in (a) to (d): (1) Enterobius vermicularis (a) Tape worm (2) Taenia saginata (b) Pin worm (c) Round worm (d) Hook worm

2.3. The substance mentioned below elicit the therapeutic effect given in (a) to (d):

(1) Hepatitis B. Immuno globulin (a) Induce active long term immunity in host cells antibodies (2) Tetanus Toxoid (b) Induce functional differentiation (c) Provide transfer of passive immunity (d) Provide short term non-specific bactericidal effect.

2.4. The following glycosides of Digitalis Purpurea give on hydrolysis the genius and sugars listed in (a) to (d). Match them.

(1) Purpurea Glycoside-A (a) 1, 3, 5 œ 11 a 19-hexahydroxy cardenolide + Glucose + Digitoxose (2) Purpurea Glycoside-B (b) 3 ß , 14 ß -dihydroxy cardenolide + Glucose + Digitoxose (c) 3 ß , 14 ß , 16 ß -trihydroxy cardenolide + Glucose + Digitoxose (d) 3 ß , 12 ß , 14 ß -trihydroxy cardenolide + Glucose + Digitoxose

2.5. Listed are some important antibiotics (a) to (d). match them. (1) Bacitracin (a) From several amino acids (2) Erythromycin (b) From single amino acids (c) From acetate or propionate units (d) From sugars

2.6. The substitution of R in

2.7. Some of the vitamins listed below are associated with co-enzyme given in (a) to (d). Match them. (1) Nicotinic Acid (a) Coenzyme A (2) Riboflavin (b) Coenzyme I (c) TPP (d) FAD

2.8. Listed are some tablets additives. Match them with their correct use given in (a) to (d). (1) Acacia (a) Buinder (2) Lactose (b) Glidant (c) Diluent (d) Lubricant

2.9. The compounds listed are assay by method given (a) to (d). Match them.

(1) Pyridoxine Hydrochloride I.P (a) Colorimetry (2) Ranitidine Hydrochloride (b) H P L C (c) Flourimetry (d) Non aqueous titration

2.10. The following techniques are associated with the support materials used in the column which are given in (a) to (d). Match them.

(1) Size exclusion chromatography (a) Octadecyl silane chemically bounded to Porous (2) H P L C (b) Cellulose acetate (c) Diatomaceous support (d) Agarose F.C.

2.11. For the following potentiometric titrations indicator electrode used is given from (a) to (d). Match them.

(1) Acid base (a) Silver electrode (2) Complexometry (b) Glass electrode (c) Platinum electrode (d) Mercury-Mercury electrode

2.12. Following ring systems are present in the alkaloids listed (a) to (d). Match them. (1) Imidazole (a) Pelleterine (2) Isoquinoline (b) Nicotine (c) Papaverine (d) Pilocarpine

2.13. Following constituents are present in drugs listed in (a) to (d). Match them. (1) D-Linalool (a) Opium (2) Panaxadiol (b) Coriandrum sativium (c) Ginseng (d) Brahmi

2.14. Systematic name of the following biologically important purines are given in (a) to (d). Match them correctly. (1) Adenine (a) 2-amino-6-oxy purine (2) Guanine (b) 6-amino purine (c) 1, 3, 7-dimethyl 6-hydroxy purine (d) 6-hydroxy purine

2.15. The drugs mentioned below are synthesized from intermediates listed in (a) to (d). Match them. (1) Meprobamate (a) 2-chloro-5-amino benzophenone and glycine (2) Diazepam (b) 2-amino-5-chloro-benzophenone and ethyl glycinate (c) 2-ethyl benzaldehyde and formaldehyde (d) 2-methyl valeraldehyde and formaldehyde

2.16. Some of the drugs listed below from (a) to (d) are having specific mechanism of action. Match them.

(1) Interferes with the rennin-angiotensin system (a) Hydralazine (2) Directly relaxes arteriolar smooth muscles and thus decreases (b) Methyl peripheral resistance Dopa (c) Enalpril (d) Clonidine

2.17. Given below from (a) to (d) are application forms for the specific purpose listed as per (d) and (c) Act. Match them.

(1) Manufacture of cosmetics (a) Form No. 31 (2) Retail sale of schedule C and C drugs (b) Form NO. 20 C (c) Form No. 20 (d) Form No. 21

2.18. For many drugs in the I.P. exact solubility limits are not listed. Instead, descriptive terminology is employed. Match the numbered solubility limits with the correct lettered solubility expression (gm/ml). (1) Very soluble (a) Less than 1 (2) Sparingly soluble (b) From 1 to 10 (c) From 30 to 100 (d) From 100 to 1000

2.19. It is often desirable to formulate a dosage form so that its pH is approximately equivalent to that of the area of which it is administered. Match them. (1) Blood (a) pH 7.4 (2) Skin (b) pH 6.4 (c) pH 5.5 (d) pH 6.8

2.20. The following microscopical characteristic is associated with the drugs mentioned in (a) to (d). Match them. (1) Rubiaceous type of stomata (Paracytic) (a) Atropa belladonna leaves (2) Ranunculaceous type of stomata (b) Cassia acutifolia leaves (c) Cassia auriculata leaves (d) Digitalis purpurea leaves

3. Give the five steps involved in the absorption of Transdermal dosage forms.

4. (a) Give the structural formula of the important phenolic constituent of clove oil. (b) Give its name. (c) What happens when a transverse section of the clove bud is treated with strong potassium hydroxide solution and examined under microscope? (d) What are [answer in one sentence each] (i) Mother love? (ii) Blown clove?

5. (a) Three types of electrons are involved in the absorption of energy in the UV region. What are they? (b) In fluorimetry how the emitted radiation is separated from incident radiaotn. (c) Why IR radiations cannot bring about electronic changes?

6. Show how you would convert to the following? Choose any other reagents if need be. Answer by giving equations only. (a) Pyridine to Diodone I.P. (b) 2-Amino Benzophenone and Ethyl Glycinate to Nitrazepam (c) Methyl Acetoacetate and 2-Nitro-Benzaldehyde to Nifedipine.

7. (a) Draw the structure of Allopurinol. (b) How does it act? (answer in one sentence) (c) What is its interaction with Probenecid? (Answer in 2 sentences) (d) What is its major clinical use? (Answer in 2 sentences)

PART – B Answer any TEN questions.

8. Compound A with molecular formula C H O gave (a) Chrysene on zinc dust distillation (b) Oxime on treatment with NH NH – . (c) Methyl ether with CH I . (d) On catalytic hydrogenation it is converted to C H O a dihydroxy derivative. (e) It undergoes a coupling reaction with benzene diazonium chloride. What inferences you can draw from reaction œ (a) to (e). Answer each in one sentence only.

9. (a) Mention the difference between the optical activity of Limonene and Dipentene. (b) Show how Limonene is converted to Carvone. (c) Complete the following reaction:

10. (a) List four basic principles of HPLC. (b) Name the technique used to handle solids as a thin paste in IR- spectrophotometry.

11. (a) What is the source of Belladonna Herb. I.P.? (b) Give the microscopical characteristics of Belladonna leaf under the following headings. Answer each in one or two sentence only. (i) Eipdermal cells (ii) Stomata (iii) Calcium oxalate crystals (iv) Trichomes

12. Calculate the concentration of Dextrose required to make a 0.24% solution of sodium chloride iso-osmotic with blood plasma. Molecular weights of NaCl=58.5 and Dextrose -180. 13. Mention five advantages of Membrane filter method over other methods of sterilization.

14. Name the specific type of antagonism for the following combination: (a) Dimercaprol and Mercury (b) Acetyl Choline and Epinephrine (c) Morphine and Naloxone (d) Nor Adrenaline and Phenoxy Benzamine (e) Adrenaline and Diazoxide

15. Write equation only for the chemical reactions involved in the following assays: (a) Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride. I.P. (b) Benzocaine. I.P. (c) Ascorbic Acid I.P. (d) Di-iodo Hydroxy Quinoline. I.P.

16. (a) What is half wave potential? (b) Give its application (c) Oxygen dissolved in the solution for polarographic analysis produces two waves in a polarogram. Write the chemical reactions involved in the production of these waves in acid solution.

17. (a) What is Streptokinase. I.P.? (b) Mention its important action. (c) What are Zymogens?

18. (a) Tetracycline hydrochloride shows three acidity constants in aqueous solutions. Which particular functional groups are responsible for this? (b) —Salt of Phenoxy Methyl Penicillin with N.N‘ œ bis-(dihydroabietyl)-ethylene diamine-provides very long acting liquid oral dosage form“ œ Give reason in one sentence only. (c) Which group is Pencillin is responsible in determining the extent to which it is plasma protein bound?

19. Mention the nature and name of primary metabolites and the resulting change in the activity profile of the following drugs: (a) Procaine (b) Imipramine (c) Enalpril (d) Chlorpromazine (e) 6-Mecraptopurine

20. (a) Metabolism of Lidocaine in the liver produces products A, B and C in a stepwise manner. Draw the structure of Lidocaine and the metabolic products A, B and C. (b) The anti-inflammatory effect of NSAID‘s are explained on the basis of one important observation. Mention in one sentence.

21. (a) Give the structural formula of a Diuretic which contains a Pyrazine ring. (b) It has a pK of 8.7. Which group is responsible for this? (c) Why the above compound is very poorly and erratically absorbed from the G.I. tract? (d) What happens when Benzhydryl bromide is treated with 4-hydroxy-1-methyl piperidine? [give equation only] (e) Indicate the pharmacological category of the compound obtained in (d).

22. Write complete equations for the following conversions: (a) 2, 3-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid is treated with butyroyl chloride in presence of anhydrous AlCl . The product is condensed with HCHO and dimethylamine. (b) Ethyl phenyl malonylamide is condensed with formamide.

23. (a) In the morphological examination of three different cocci samples following observations are noted. Predict the type. (i) Spherical shaped Gram positive, 1 m in dia. Grape like clusters. (ii) Gram positive, occurs in pairs, tetrads or irregular clusters. (iii) Gram positive, arranged in the form of chains or pairs. (b) Name the smooth of two classical types of Vibrio Cholerae from which Cholera Vaccine I.P. is prepared.

24. (a) what are the advantages of silicone treated injection containers for antibiotics? (b) What are implants?

25. Name the five important critical factors involved in the formulation of eye drops?

26. Draw the structural formulae of the following: (a) Allo-cholanic acid (b) Epi-cholesterol (c) Cholesta-4-en-3 one (d) Coprastanol (e) Stigmasterol

27. (a) According to the Lofgrens scheme each local anesthetic has a lipophilic portion, intermediate chain and hydrophilic portion. Write the structure of Procaine and mark these portions. (b) Write the source and structure of Clavulanic Acid. (c) Why it is called suicide inhibitor? (d) Does it possess antibacterial property?

About the Blog

Video Lectures

Few Graduate Pharmacy Aptitude test study materials

Conformations of cyclohexane. Cis-trans relationsh...

Conformational analysis of nbutane.

Geometrical Isomerism in Double bonds and Cycloalk...

Assigning R & S configuration based on Cahn Ingold...

Chirality & asymmetry [introduction of the same to...

Newman projection formulae & their significance. R...

Definition & classification [different types of is...

Various Multiple-choice Pharma Questions

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ) in Pharmacy subjects

Pharmacy MCQ Question bank Ist Module Questions Pa...

PHARMACY MCQ QUESTION BANK IST MODULE QUESTIONS PA...

Physical Pharmacy Quiz

Phytochemistry Quiz

Medicinal Chemistry MCQ

Pharmacognosy MCQ

Pharmaceutics MCQ

Pharmacology MCQ

Pharmacy MCQ Question Bank

Pharmacy MCQ Question Bank Module-I

PHARMACY MCQ QUESTION BANK IST MODULE ANSWERS

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ) in Pharmacy subjects

sample pharmacy Ministry of Health (MOH) Question ...

Kerala PSC

Ad: Pharmacist Kerala PSC - 2008 Question Paper fo...

Full Pharmacist Kerala PSC - 2008 Question Paper f...

Kerala PSC Pharmacist Grade II Previous Year Quest...

GPAT Questionnaires

GATE PY Question Papers 1992 to 2005

GPAT Models and 2010 GPAT Question

GRADUATE PHARMACY APTITUDE TEST (GPAT) – 2014 RESULTS

GATE Questionnaires

GATE PY Questions

Before 2000 GATE PY Questions Papers

GATE PY 1999 Pharmacy Question Paper

GATE PY 1998 Pharmacy Question Paper

GATE PY 1997 Pharmacy Question Paper

GATE PY 1995 Pharmacy Question Paper

GATE PY 1994 Pharmacy Question Paper

GATE PY – 1993 Question Paper

GATE PY – 1992 Question Paper

GATE PY Questions after 2000

GATE PY Questions 2000 onwards

GATE PY 2005 Pharmacy Question Paper

GATE PY 2004 Pharmacy Question Paper

GATE PY 2003 Pharmacy Question Paper

GATE PY 2002 Pharmacy Question Paper

GATE PY 2001 Pharmacy Question Paper

GATE PY 2000 Pharmacy Question Paper

NIPER Joint Entrance Exam (NIPER-JEE)

NIPER JOINT ENTRANCE EXAMINATION (NIPER-JEE)

UAE MOH Pharmacists Question Paper

sample pharmacy MOH Question Paper

UAE MOH Question Papers for Pharmacists Page 01

UAE MOH Question Papers for Pharmacists Page 02

UAE MOH Question Papers for Pharmacists Page 03

UAE MOH Question Papers for Pharmacists Page 04

UAE MOH Question Papers for Pharmacists Page 05

UAE MOH Question Papers for Pharmacists Page 06

UAE MOH Question Papers for Pharmacists Page 07

UAE MOH Question Papers for Pharmacists Page 08

UAE MOH Question Papers for Pharmacists Page 09

UAE MOH Question Papers for Pharmacists Page 10

UAE MOH Question Papers for Pharmacists Page 11

UAE MOH Question Papers for Pharmacists Page 12

Pharmacist & Assistant Pharmacist MOH Question Papers

Saudi Pharmacist Licensing Exam for Pharmacist

Saudi Licensing Examination (SLE) for pharmacist

Audio Lectures

MCQ Games

Pharmacy MCQ Powerpoints

Pharmacy MCQ PPT

Time Line

2020 (9)

July (8)

June

2015 (3)

September (1)

June (2)

2014 (2)

November (1)

March (1)

2012 (1)

October (1)

2011 (55)

December (9)

November (46)

GATE PY – 1992 Question Paper

GATE PY – 1992 Question Paper PART-A SECTION – I 1.

1.1 Simethicone is a component of several antacid formulations. Chemically it is (a) wax (b) fat (c) Aldehyde (d) silicon

1.2 The pharmacy Council of India is constituted by the (a) Central Government (b) State Government (c) Parliament (d) Legislative Assembly

1.3 All of the following physicochemical constants are useful in predicting the solubility of a drug except (a) Dielectric constants (b) pH of a solution (c) pKa of the drug (d) Valency

1.4 sigma blade mixers are commonly used in (a) wet granulation (b) dry granulation (c) powder mixing (d) crude fiber mixing

1.5 The 5 ß pregnane is said to have a (a) trans-anti-trans-anti-trans backbone (b) cis-anti-trans-trans backbone (c) cis-syn-trans-syn-trans backbone (d) trans-anti-cis-anti-cis backbone

1.6 Many drugs are chiral. In a synthesis of chiral drug molecules in symmetric environment (a) always one enantiomer is obtained (b) always both enantiomers is obtained in equal amounts (c) always both enantiomers is obtained in unequal amounts (d) none of the above

1.7 Poorly manufactured tablets may have small pinholes on the surface. This phenomenon is known as (a) Picking (b) Mottling (c) Leaching (d) Cracking

1.8 Ascorbic acid exists in nature (a) only in the reduced form which has only biological activity (b) only in the oxidized form which has only biological activity

(c) in both reduced and the oxidized forms in the state of reversible equilibrium which has biological activity (d) none of the above

1.9 In the stable conformation of 5 a -pregnane (a) Rings A, B, C are in boat conformation (b) Rings A and B are in boat while C in chair conformation (c) Ring A is in boat while B and C in chair conformation (d) all the three rings are in chair conformation

1.10 Among the following preparations, which one will be the most irritating to the eye? (a) Purified water (b) 0.7% NaCl solution (c) 0.9% NaCl solution (d) 1% NaCl solution

1.11 In case of hypothyroidism, the preferred thyroid preparation is (a) Levothyroxine (b) Dextrothyroxine (c) Leothyroxine (d) None of the above

1.12 D-Fructose on simple reduction gives (a) L-Fructose (b) only Sorbitol (c) Mannitol (d) mixture of Mannitol and Sorbitol

1.13 Lugol‘s solution contains 5% of iodine. How much of Lugol‘s solution is administered to a patient thrice daily to provide 60 mg of iodine daily? (a) 0.2 ml (b) 0.3 ml (c) 0.4 ml (d) 0.5 ml

1.14 The anticoagulant Heparin is obtained from (a) Sheep‘s lung (b) Dog‘s kidney (c) Rabit‘s heart (d) Rat‘s uterus

1.15 Which one of the following types of adverse drug reactions are not believed to be dose related phenomenon? (a) Side effects and toxic reactions (b) Toxic reactions and hypersensitivity (c) Side effects and hypersensitivity (d) Hypersensitivity and idiosyncrasy

1.16 The structure of a drug having an asymmetric centre is: H COOH (a) B (b) S (c) a (d) ß

1.17 Cryoscopic method is familiar in the calculations of isotonic solutions. This method is based on (a) freezing point depression of the drug (b) molecular concentration of the drug (c) pH of the drug (d) none of the above

1.18 One thousand nanogram equal to one (a) centrigram (b) gram (c) kilogram (d) microgram

1.19. Biological role of thiamine is because of facile formation of (a) Thiamine hydrochloride (b) Thiamine pyrophosphate —ylid“ (c) Thiamine sulphate (d) None of the above

1.20. Infected blood products may produce serum hepatitis due to the presence of (a) Hepatitis A virus (b) Hepatitis B virus (c) Hepatitis C virus (d) None of the above

1.21. pH of a buffer system can be calculated by using (a) pH partition theory (b) Noyes-Whilney law (c) Henderson-Hasselbalch equation (d) None of the above

1.22. Osmolality measures the total number of particles dissolved in a _______ of water and depends on the electrolytic nature of the solute. (a) kilogram (b) kilolitre (c) litre (d) specified quantity

1.23. Ergot is the sclerotium of (a) fungus Claviceps purpurea (b) fungus Claviceps notatum (c) Strychnos nuxpotatorum (d) fungus Pencillium chrysogenum 1.24. A highly sensitive semiquantitative method of detecting microbial antigen in biological fluid is done by (a) Radioimmunoelectrophoresis (b) counterimmunoelectrophoresis (c) H.P.L.C (d) Freeze dried centrifugal method

1.25 The glass electrode used in pH measurements is (a) metal-metaloxide electrode (b) a membrane electrode (c) ion selective electrode (d) none of the above

1.26 In phenonthiazine tranquillizing agents, replacement of C-2 hydrogen by chlorine (a) decreases activity (b) increases activity (c) activity unaffected (d) leads to decreased penetration into the CNS

1.27 The loading dose of a drug is based upon the (a) time taken for complete elimination (b) percentage of drug excreted unchanged in urine (c) percentage of drug bound to plasma protein (d) apparent volume of distribution and the desired drug concentration in plasma

1.28 Conformation of drugs is commonly determined by (a) NMR (b) NMI (c) Mass spectrometry (d) pH determination

1.29 Aminophylline solutions on exposure to air may develop (a) crystals of theophylline (b) precipitate of aminophylline (c) precipitate of ethylenediamine (d) straw colour

1.30 The hypotensive effect of clonidine is due to its action on (a) ß -adrenergic receptor (b) a -adrenergic receptor (c) H -receptor (d) H œreceptor

1.31 A step in Vitamin A synthesis is The product obtained will be (a) 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-pentene-4-yne (b) hex-1-yn-5-one (c) 3-amino-3-methyl-1-pentene-4-yne (d) none of the above

1.32 Sodium nitroprusside is one of the most potent blood-pressure lowering drugs. Its use is limited because of (a) its short duration of action (b) very long duration of action (c) ineffective of oral route (d) none of the above

1.33 Cocaine is a monoacid tertiary base which on treatment with hot dilute acids gives (a) ecogonine, methyl alcohol and scopic acid (b) ecogonine, methyl alcohol and cinnamic acid (c) ecogonine, methyl alcohol and benzoic acid (d) ecogonine, ethyl alcohol and benzoic acid

1.34 Use of Isoniazid is restricted due to (a) Ototoxicity (b) Hepatotoxicity (c) Neutrotoxicity (d) Bone marrow depression

1.35 Diosgenin is (a) an alkaloid obtained from dioscorea (b) a carbohydrate obtained from disscorea (c) a glycoside obtained from dioscorea (d) none of the above

1.36 The IUPAC nomenclature of the sulindac analogue is:

(a) (Z)-5-Fluoro-2-methyl-1-phenylmethylene-1 H-indene-3-acetic acid (b) (E)-5-Fluoro-2-methyl-1-phenylmethylene-1 H-indene-3-acetic acid (c) 5-Fluoro-2-methyl-1-phenylmethylene-1 H-indene-3-acetic acid (d) (R)-5-Fluoro-2-methyl-1-phenylmethylene-1 H-indene-3-acetic acid

1.37 Bubble point test is done to determine (a) the surface tension of the liquid in capillary tubes (b) the viscosity of the liquid in ampoules (c) the pH of a 1% solution (d) the volume of the solution stored in a specified container

1.38 The —Hemiacetal“ form of aldosterone is between (a) C-11, ß -hydroxyl and C-20 carbonyl (b) C-11, ß -hydroxyl and C-21 hydroxy (c) C-11, ß -hydroxy and C-18 carbonyl (d) C-21, ß -hydroxyl and C-20 carbonyl

1.39 Surfactants are characterized by the presence of (a) water solubilizing and fat solubilizing groups in the same molecule (b) only negative charges (c) only positive charges (d) none of the above

1.40 Acetous perchloric acid solution a common titrant in non-aqueous titrimetry is standardized by (a) standard alcoholic KOH solution (b) N/10 Potassium permanganate (c) Potassium hydrogen phthalate solution in glacial acetic acid (d) mercuric acetate in glacial acetic acid

SECTION II

2. 2.1 The antibiotics mentioned below are obtained from the organisms listed from a to e. match them.

(1) Neomycin (a) streptomyces fradiae (2) Gentamycin (b) micromonospora purpurea (3) Bacitracin (c) streptomyces tenebrarius (4) Tobramycin (d) bacillus subtilis (e) bacillus polymyxa

2.2. Given below is a list of medicinal plants. Match them correctly with the list of constituents given in a to e.

(1) Holarrhena antidysenterica (a) Conessine (2) cymbopogan flexuous (b) Citral (3) Urginea indica (c) Mucilage (4) Linum usitatissimum (d) Cocaine (e) Scillarenin

2.3. The following drugs are included under the schedules listed in a to e. match them. (1) Meprobamate (a) Schedule E (2) Poisonous drugs (b) Schedule F, F (3) Ophthalmic preparations (c) Schedule C and C (4) Biological and special products (d) Schedule X (e) Schedule Q

2.4. Following drugs contain 2 hydroxyl groups each. Nature of these hydroxyl groups are indicated in a to e. Match them correctly. (1) Morphine (a) Alcoholic but one 1° another 2° (2) Chloramphenicol (b) Alcoholic and both 1° (3) Apomorphine (c) Both phenolic (4) Cortisone (d) One alcoholic and one phenolic (e) Alcoholic but 1° and another 3°

2.5. The following drug molecules contain heterocyclic rings listed in a to e. match them correctly. (1) Haloperidol (a) Pyrimidine (2) Sulphadiazine (b) Pyridine (3) Amiloride (c) Piperidine (4) Pheniramine (d) Pyrazine (e) Pyridazine

2.6. Following drugs exhibit their action by enzyme inhibition. Enzymes are listed in a to e. Match them correctly. (1) Captopril (a) ß – lactamase (2) Clavulanic acid (b) MAO (3) Pargyline (c) Monooxygenase (4) Methozolamide (d) Carbonic anhydrase (e) ACE

2.7. Following preparations are assayed by biological techniques using the animal or its parts listed in a to e. match them correctly. (1) Cod liver oil (a) Sheep blood (2) Heparin injection (b) Rabbit (3) Oxytocin injection (c) Rat (4) Insulin injection (d) Anaesthetized chicken (e) Cat

2.8. Following I.P. assays involve the principles listed in a to e. Match them.

(1) Sodium chloride injection (a) Titration with N/10 iodine (2) Trimethoprim (b) Oxidation involving 2 : 6 dichloropheol indophenol (3) Analgin tablets (c) Argentometry (4) Ascorbic acid (d) Non-aqueous (e) Acidimetry

2.9. Given below are some antihypertensive mechanisms. Drugs which are closely associated with these mechanisms of action are listed in a to e. Match them correctly?

(1) Ganglion blocking (a) Methyl dopa (2) Catecholamine depletor (b) Hydralazine (3) False neurotransmitter (c) Reserpine (4) Direct action on arterioles (d) Mecamylamine (e) Veratrum alkaloids

2.10. Listed are Vitamins. Their associations with certain coenzymes are well known. The names of coenzymes are given in a to e. match them correctly.

(1) Thiamine (a) Co-carboxylase (2) Riboflavin (b) Co-enzyme A (3) Panothenic acid (c) NAD (4) Nicotinamide (d) FAD (e) ATP

2.11. Listed are some of the crude drugs which are tested for the active constituents by the tests mentioned in a to e. Match them correctly. (1) Cinchona Bark (a) Fluorescene test (2) Nux vomica seeds (b) Keller Killiani (3) Digitalis leaves (c) Borntrager‘s test (4) Senna leaves (d) Mayer‘s test (e) Sham‘s test

2.12. Listed are some of the common volatile oils. Their active constituents are given in a to e. Match them correctly.

(1) Peppermint oil (a) (+)-Limonene (2) Turpentine oil (b) 1:8-Cineole (3) Eucalyptus oil (c) a -Pinene (4) Lemon oil (d) (-)-Menthol (e) (+)-Menthol

2.13. Match the each pair with the type of a structural relationship they exhibit.

(1) (R) and (S) Naproxen (a) Tautomers of one another (2) Dilactim and Monolactim (b) Diastereomers of one another form of Barbituric acid (3) Quinine and Quinidine (c) Non-superimposable mirror images of each other (4) Eclipsed and staggered form (d) Superimposable mirror images of each other of phenothiazine about side chain carbon œcarbon bond (e) Conformational isomers of one another

2.14. Various polymers used in pharmacy are given. Match with the respective monomers a to e. (1) Carbopol (a) Methacrylate ester (2) Eudragits (b) Ethylene (3) Polyethylene (c) Ethylene glycol (4) Polycarbonate (d) (Bis-phenol + phosgene) (e) Acrylic acid

2.15. Following are some naturally occurring substances. They are classified under different categories which are listed in a to e. match them correctly. (1) Prostaglandins (a) Opioids (2) Codeine (b) Eicosinoids (3) Angiotensin II (c) Corticoids (4) Strophanthidin (d) Peptide (e) Cardinolide

2.16. Following are some of the analytical instruments. Their important components are listed in a to e. Match them correctly. (1) HPLC (a) Monochromator 2) IR double beam spectrophotometer (b) Dropping mercury electrode (3) Karl-Fischer titrator (c) Isocratic pump (4) Polarograph (d) Platinum electrode (e) Polariser

2.17. The hard gelatin capsule sizes are mentioned in their number. Their approximate capacity are listed in a to e. Match their correct volume. (1) 0 (a) 0.10 ml (2) 1 (b) 0.15 ml (3) 3 (c) 0.30 ml (4) 5 (d) 0.55 ml (e) 0.75 ml

2.18. Listed are some of the commonly used drugs. Their pharmacological actions are listed in a to e. match them. (1) Aspirin (a) Rises body temperature (2) Acetaminophen (b) Non-analgesic anti-inflammatory (3) Phenylbutazone (c) Non-anti-inflammatory analgesic (4) Probenacid (d) Increases depth of respiration (e) Increases fluid retention

2.19. Match the preservations/antioxidants listed in a to e for the preparations mentioned below. (1) Anaesthetic ether (a) Chloroform (2) Formaldehyde (b) Ethylenediamine (3) Injection of Adrenaline (c) Paraformaldehyde (4) Injection of Aminophylline (d) Sodium bisulphate (e) Alcohol

2.20. In communition, certain type of materials listed in a to e are not suitable for the mills mentioned below. Match them. (1) Cutter mill (a) Soft material

(2) Hammer mill (b) Adhesive material

(3) Revolving mill (c) Friable material

(4) Fluid energy mill (d) Liquefiable material

(e) Abrasive material

PART – B

3. Define: (a) Co-solvency (b) Hydrotrophy (c) Eutectic mixtures

4. Complete the following reactions giving the structures

5. (a) Thiamin when treated with sodium sulphite solution saturated with SO at room temperature, decomposes quantitatively into 2 components. What are they? Give their structural formulae. (b) Riboflavin on exposure to light in sodium hydroxide solution forms an insoluble product. What is the product? Write equation. Whey is it insoluble? (c) Caffeine 3 6. (a) Name two common equipments used for testing the hardness of a tablet (b) Give four factors which affect the hardness of a tablet. (c) Why friability test is performed? How is it performed?

7. Give four important tests to detect the emulsion types.

8. (a) List the names of three important semisynthetic hydrocolloids used in pharmacy. (b) What is their chemical nature? (c) Give three important uses of the above hydrocolloids.

9. (a) Diethyl malonoate is treated with excess of n-propybromide in presence of sodium ethoxide to give intermediate (a). The intermediate (a) on refluxing in dilute alkali gives anticonvusant drug. Write the reactions and structures. (b) 2-Aminopyridine is reductively alkylated using 1 mol of p- methoxybenzaldehyde and reducing agent to give an intermdieate (b). the intermediate (b) on treatment with 1 mol dimethylamino ethylbromide in presence of sodium amide gives an antihistaminic drug. Write the reactions and structures. (c) Arrange the nitrogens in the drug referred in (b) above in decreasing order of basicity.

10. (a) Give the graph [include correct scale and values] of cardiac action potential as recorded from a Purkinje fibre. Indicate the phases of depolarization and repolarisation (graph paper not to be used). (b) Expand the abbreviations and indicate dhow they are formed. (i) CAMP (B) GABA

11. Write the appropriate reagent(s) and the structures in the following transformations. Give the trivial name of the drug and the category it belongs to. (i) p-Methoxyphenylhydrazine + + A NH H 0 ZnCl heat,solve nt Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate (ii) A + p-chlorobenzoyl chloride B B ase Pyridine

(iii) B [Drug] (contains œCOOH) Note: One step involves Fischer indolisatin.

12. (a) Give synthesis of pyridoxine starting from 5-ethoxy-4-methyl isoxazole and cisbutenediol protected with isobutaraldehyde. (b) Name the key reaction

13. Give the names of products.

14. (a) What is Vitali‘s test? Which natural products are distinguished by this test? (b) Give reasons for the following: (i) Morphine is soluble in aqueous sodium hydroxide. (ii) In the assay of alkaloids, the final residue is treated with little alcohol before it is finally dissolved in acid and titrated.

15. (a) Alkaloids of ergot exist in stereoisomeric pairs. Which are they? Whine one is pharmacologically active? (b) The principal alkaloids of ipecacunha are: (1) _____________ (2) ____________ (3) _____________ (4) ____________ (5) _____________ (c) Cephaeline M e thylati on (6) ______________ (d) Catharanthus roseus contains 2 alkaloids which are effective in the treatment of neoplastic diseases. They are (7) _______________ (8) _____________

16. (a) Give the procedure for IP assay for Nikethamide injection. (b) Give the reactions involved in the above assay. (c) To which category of drugs this compound belongs?

17. (a) Show the 5 ß -cis fusion and 5 a -trans fusion in case of steroid nucleus. What they are usually called? (b) Name the different types of insulin preparations. (c) Usual route of administration of insulin preparation is __________ (d) Since insulin is a __________ it cannot be given orally.

18. (a) Which are the substances defined as Narcotic drugs and Psychotropic substances under Narcotic drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 and rules? (b) What is the international name for small-pox vaccine? (c) How much of sodium chloride is required to render 150 ml of a 2% solution of procaine hydrochloride isotonic with blood serum? [Freezing point depression of 1% procaine hydrochloride is œ 0.12°C and 1% sodium chloride is œ 0.56°C].

19. What are the particulars to be recorded in analytical records for parenteral preparations as per the G.M.P. requirement under and C rules? List them correctly.

20. (a) An antibiotic isolated from streptomyces venezuelae having an aromatic nitro group, on hydrolysis gives (A) Dichloroacetic acid (B) 2-amino-1-p-nitrophenyl-1 : 3-propanediol (1) What is the structural formula of the antibiotic? (2) How many asymmetric carbon atoms are present in B? (3) What is the optical activity and configuration of the active from of the antibiotic? (b) What are the important hydrolytic products of streptomycin? Give their names only.

E . 21. (a) Explain what is % 1 cm (b) What is Group frequency region and finger print region? (c) What is retention volume?

22. (a) What processes are to be adopted in pharmaceutical industry for the (i) separation of bacteria from the parenteral liquids (ii) purification of colloids and enzymes (iii) removal of particulate matter in the air? (b) How much of 90% and 20% alcohols are required to produce 350 ml of 60% alcohol?

23. (a) Classify the surfactants with suitable example for each: (b) LAL test is used as in-process control in parenteral preparations: (i) What for is it used? (ii) How is the test performed?

24. How will you rectify the following defects in tablet manufacturing? (i) Punch variation (ii) Hardness variation (iii) Double impression (iv) Poor flow

25. (a) Name four foam systems used in aerosol technology. (b) Name four parameters in the evaluation of foam stability. (c) Explain the following words used in communition in one sentence for each (i) Open circuit milling (ii) Closed circuit milling

26. (a) In the evaluation of soft capsules, the following terms are used. Explain them in one sentence for each. (i) Soft spot (ii) Bloating (iii) Foreign capsule

27. (a) Synthesis of a steroid hormone is given below. Write all the structures. Give the reagents used in Oppenaur oxidation: ( ) [ ] (i) 3 -Acetoxypregna-5, 16-diene-20-one A ß H Pd / 2 ( ) ( ) (ii) A B Hormone » ÿ NaO H oppenaur / H O C H O H O xidation + 2 2 5 (b) The above hormone shows two absorption bands in carbonyl region in its infrared spectrum. Write the approximate position of the band in wave numbers and indicate the corresponding chromophore.